[PDF][PDF] γCaMKII shuttles Ca2+/CaM to the nucleus to trigger CREB phosphorylation and gene expression

H Ma, RD Groth, SM Cohen, JF Emery, B Li, E Hoedt… - Cell, 2014 - cell.com
H Ma, RD Groth, SM Cohen, JF Emery, B Li, E Hoedt, G Zhang, TA Neubert, RW Tsien
Cell, 2014cell.com
Activity-dependent CREB phosphorylation and gene expression are critical for long-term
neuronal plasticity. Local signaling at Ca V 1 channels triggers these events, but how
information is relayed onward to the nucleus remains unclear. Here, we report a mechanism
that mediates long-distance communication within cells: a shuttle that transports Ca
2+/calmodulin from the surface membrane to the nucleus. We show that the shuttle protein is
γCaMKII, its phosphorylation at Thr287 by βCaMKII protects the Ca 2+/CaM signal, and CaN …
Summary
Activity-dependent CREB phosphorylation and gene expression are critical for long-term neuronal plasticity. Local signaling at CaV1 channels triggers these events, but how information is relayed onward to the nucleus remains unclear. Here, we report a mechanism that mediates long-distance communication within cells: a shuttle that transports Ca2+/calmodulin from the surface membrane to the nucleus. We show that the shuttle protein is γCaMKII, its phosphorylation at Thr287 by βCaMKII protects the Ca2+/CaM signal, and CaN triggers its nuclear translocation. Both βCaMKII and CaN act in close proximity to CaV1 channels, supporting their dominance, whereas γCaMKII operates as a carrier, not as a kinase. Upon arrival within the nucleus, Ca2+/CaM activates CaMKK and its substrate CaMKIV, the CREB kinase. This mechanism resolves long-standing puzzles about CaM/CaMK-dependent signaling to the nucleus. The significance of the mechanism is emphasized by dysregulation of CaV1, γCaMKII, βCaMKII, and CaN in multiple neuropsychiatric disorders.
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