Metastatic spread of cancer to distant vital organs, including lung and bone, is the
overwhelming cause of breast cancer mortality and morbidity. Effective treatment of systemic
metastasis relies on the identification and functional characterization of metastasis
mediators to multiple organs. Overexpression of the chemokine (CC motif) ligand 2 (CCL2)
is frequently associated with advanced tumor stage and metastatic relapse in breast cancer.
However, the functional mechanism of CCL2 in promoting organ-specific metastasis of …